Manifold



F. H. REINDL Dec. l 1953 MANIFOLD Filed oct. 27. 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet l M mm y TP n ma v n N5 i.. T M m J W Dec. 1, 1953 Filed 0G17. 27, 1952 F. H. REINDI. 2,660,988

MANIFOLD 4 Sheets-sheet 2 IN EN TOR.

. V n FRANC/s' M PEM/0c 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 F. H. RElNDL MANIFOLD Dec. 1, 1953 Filed Oct. 27, 1952 /fagf NV To. FRANC/s figa/'bm ,BY Gg i %HTTom/ey F. H. REINDL.

Dec. l, 1953 MANIFOLD 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 27, 1952 a y WH Ha/ ,WW F

Patented Dec. 1, YV1953 MANIFOLD Francis H. Reindl., Kenosha, Wis., assgnor to Nash-Kelvinator Corporation, Kenosha, Wis., a corporation of Maryland Application October 27, 1952, Serial No. 317,110

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to an intake manifold structure therefore in which the fuel is distributed to a plurality of cylinders.

An object of my invention Vis to effect a predetermined fuel mixture distribution for multicylinder internal combustion engines by providing an intake manifo1d structure adapted for providing a fuel mixture distribution tending to effect an improved performance in the operation of the engine.

Another object of my invention is to provide the improved fuel mixture distributing device for a multi-cylinder-in-line engine in which the intake cycle of one of the engine cylinders overlaps with respect to the intake cycle of another engine cylinder by providing means for equalizing the "fuel mixture now to counteract the tendency towards unequal distribution as induced by the overlapping intake cycles of some of the engine cylinders.

A further object of this invention is to provide novel means for equally distributing the fuel in a manifold to several cylinders and is equally effective whether used in conjunction with so-called down draft types of carburetors or side draft types .of carburetors.

The inherent tendency toward unequal distribution of fuel in multi-cylinder-in-line engines is ofcourse ever present in engines of the above type and various arrangements have been used to counteract such unequal distribution. It will .be manifest, from the foregoing, that it is my chief aim to generally improve upon prior structures of the present type.

The present invention is characterized by providing an elongated channel, milled, or otherwise formed, preferably in the cylinder head. When the head is positioned on the top portion of a cylinder block, separated only by a gasket, such channel and a portion of said gasket form a passageway or a shelf. This shelf provides a path over which the fuel mixture may be directed to "certain pre-selected `cylinders of a multi-cylinder-in-line engine. When my arrangementis used with an engine having a side draft` carburetor, I have found that cylinders 2 and 5 are islightly weaker than cylinders I, 3, 4 and 6 and therefore it is desirable to supply additional or y,auxiliary fuel to these fweaker cylinders. When 11 Claims. (Cl. 123-52) L10a relatively small amount of vheavy fuel? will reach the end or ends of the manifold away from thecarbureton or in relation to-'the type of car- Other and further objects and advantages and the structures whereby they are attained will become more fully apparent from the following detained description when read in connection with the drawings forming a part hereof.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a fragmentary plan'sectional view of my improved fuel mixture distributing device.

tion arranged with a side draft carburetor.

Figure 7 is a plan section of the head unit of my invention as used with a side draft carbureton Figure 8 is a central transverse' section showing a portion of the channel of my invention re1- ative to installation with a side draft carburetor.

1 In practically all internal combustionv engines which use a carburetor-to mix the engine fuel with air before delivering the fuel to a manifold for distribution to the several cylinders, it is practically impossible to obtain perfect carburetion. This is especially true during the Warm up period. This condition may lessen somewhat as the-en gine becomes warm; however the fuel will not all be vaporized and accordingly there will be vpresent a considerable amount of fuel in the vform'of large particles known as heavy fuel which'will be carried' along with the mixture of air and true fuel vapor. The heavy fuel tends to precipitate i out of the rest of the fuel vapor and air mixture, land in engines having a long manifold, collects on the floor of the manifold. More liquid accordingly will collect adjacent the carburetor. while buretor used, very little of thefheavy fuel will reach certain of the cylinders.

Asthe intake valvesof the various cylinders open, there is a rush of air and fuel vapor out of the manifold into the corresponding intake port. This rush of airand vapor will pick up or drain a' cQnsiderable quantity of the heavy fuel'off the floor-of the-manifold into the cylinder which is being charged. The cylinders nearthe carburetor Vwill accordingly draw in more of thev heavy fuel This unequal fuel distribution leads to unequal power development in the various cylinders and somewhat uneconomical operation of the engine as a whole.

I have devised means for overcoming most of the above difficulties which consists generally of providing an elongated channel preferably formed in the cylinder head whereby as the head is fitted to a cylinder block separated only by the usual gasket, such channel and gasket will cooperate to form a shelf which will direct some of this heavy fuel into the path of the air stream entering the intake ports to those cylinders which need the additional fuel.

The engine consists of a cylinder block ID having cylinder bores I I therein larrangedv in line and having a plane upper surface I2 upon which is mounted a single head casting I3 which forms a head for the cylinder and acover for a manifold I5. The head carries the ports I6 for mounting the usual spark plugs and a port I'I which communicates with any suitable type of carburetor `(notashown) andthe manifold I5. The head I3 is secured to the cylinder blockby the usual head bolts I8. .Cooling-water space I9 is provided in Vthe head I-3'in the usuarmanner. A head gasket 20 is providedbetweenzthethead and the cylinder block.

Intake manifold I isgenerally rectangular in cross section and `Aextends longitudinally Aalong Vthe cylinder block. .The manifold is symmetrical about the carburetor port' Il' ((see Figs. l and 5) which is positioned in .the center, longitudinally of the head I3. Opening from thesideof the manifold I5 aretheintake ports 25, 25, 2'1 and 28 of which port 25 leads'toend cylinder bore I. Port '26, which is a double port, leads to two interiorcylinderbores designated by the numerals .2 and 3. 'Port i2?, vwhich also isa double port, leads to two other.intei'ioracylinder bores designated by thenumerals :4 and T5. Port 28, which is 'similaritoport 25, leadsto the other end cylinder'borerdesignated 'by the numeral 6. All of theseports 25,26, 2'11andf28-cornmunicate with the Acombustion,chambersxof their respective cylinders initheusual manner andthe flow of fuel 1throughthe'ports is controlled'. by the well known valves (not shown) which are usually associated With engines of the above type. The valve seats .60 have inlet ports 5| through which the fuel mixture `enters the Y combustion chambers. above the various cylinders.

Formed withinithe face 29 of the'head I3'is `an elongated 'channel :30 `extendinghorizontally 'fromand'adjacenteaoh end of said head and of fa widthgreaterlthan the Ywidth of the manifold I5. This ,channel 3D is arranged whereby `when :said head is'positioned onsaid cylinder block, vone -longitudinalfedge 3l ofthe channel 38 subfstantially .registers withithe back Wall 132 of mani.-

fold I5 while the opposite edgei 33 of said channel 'extends beyond the opposite manifold wall 3d. 'This extension, designated'by numeral 35 forms "ashelf 35 with a portionof the gasket 2i). It `willbenoted thatithisshelf '35;comprising the extension'35 `,and.the-portion 3'lof the gasket 2!) extends almost entirely along oneV horizontal edge.

Vvof said manifold terminating at 62 adjacent the intakeports "2 5 and. 2 8.

'It willbe noted inFig. 1 that a portion of the carburetor opening I'.' overhangs the shelf 33 so -tha'tzsome of the vaporized fuel .ejected from the "carburetor strikes the `shelf f directly.; Under the arrangement as described above,V substantial amount of the heavyfuel will collect on vthe shelf 36 :where'fuel is f discharged 'from the carburetor 4 through port I'i into the manifold I5. Much oi this heavy fuel will cling to and then travel along the shelf 36 under the inducement of the air stream created by the vacuum at the intake ports and 28 and this fuel then passes into the ports 25 and 28 to supplement the fuel ordinarily discharged into the cylinder bores I and 6. In this manner a more even distribution-ofthe heavy fuel along the length of the manifold is obtained. The exhaust ports, designated by the numerals 4 38, 39, 45, IH, 42 and 43 are arranged in the usual manner, that is below the level of the intake manifold channel with 38 and 39 exhausting through port i4 (see Fig. l) in the block and de and III through port (see'Figs. l and 2) and 42 and 43 exhausting through port 48 (see Fig. l).

In Figures 6,'7 and 8, the manifold I5a is arranged withrasoY-called side draft carburetor` In this .particular arrangement the carburetor port Ila is positioned in the center, longitudinally of the side of the manifold I5a. Unlike the construction `as-shown in Figures 1 through 5 and used with a down'draftcarburetor, extra heavy fuel must be supplied -to cylinder bores 2a and 5a to provide'for a more equal distribution of fuel to all the `cylinder bores. In the arrangement of Figures 6, 'I and 8,71 provide a cylinder block lll and a second block or `head-1&8. -ln addition, I provide a manifold cover r"49. -The hea'dllB '1ncludes the manifold 45a, the floor of said manifold indicated by the numeral-14ga. The cover 49 covers the manifold I5a and includes a channel similar to the channel "30 in head vI3 of Figure l but arranged adjaoentthe back wall 5I of the manifoldvla. The width and depth of the channel Sli-'maybe approximately the same as channel 35` but terminating at r54 adjacent intake portV 52leading to thecylinder bore 2a and to the intake port leading to the cylinder bore 5a as indicated inFigure'.

In this particular application, the cover 49 and head 48 are separated by a gasket 53 and a portion of the gasket/'53 forms `a shelf in Vconjuncti-on with a part of the bore'55 and the channel 5U `vformed'in the cover'l49. As-the Vrnixtureis forced through port Ila, such mixture isthrown'against the back walllofy the manifold I 5a and, some of course, into the channel 50. Heavy fuel from this mixture falls on theshelfdand passes over and along saidrshelf to'V fall into themanifold I-5a at a point adjacenty the Aintake ports feedingv cylinder bores-2a and 5a where/such' heavy fuel is Vsucked into Vcylinder' bores 2a'and5a. In'this manner, as in the arrangement inFigure l, additional or auxiliary fuel is directed toqcyl-inders 2a and 45a and amore even distributiontof` the heavy fuel along the Ylengthv of the manifold is lobtained v It `will be noted that I have provided a fuel mixture distributing device'of novel construction and `of an arrangement which'can be Areadily incorporated in production manufacturing. The devices by'which I'obtainvl the v,predetermined distribution of the fuel mixture do not require elaborate production'operations `and as a result Vvfull advantage may be taken 'of the improvements '.tofwhich my invention -pertalns vvthat various v modifications and changes -may `be made therein Without departingfrom the'spirit of my invention or from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

a manifold channel extending along the top` thereof, a head for said block having a carburetor` passage communicating with the manifold channel and arranged to fit over the middle of said manifold channel, said cylinder block having ports in open communication with the manifold channel and arranged along one side of said channel, the underside of said head having a channel formed therein adjacent said passage and communicating with said ports.

2. In combination with a cylinder block having a manifold channel extending along lthe top thereof, a head for said block having a carburetor passage arranged to fit over the middle of said manifold channel, said cylinder block having ports in open communication with the manifold channel and arranged along one side of ysaid. channel, the underside of fsaid head ,havinga longitudinally extending channel formed therein adjacent said passage and arranged to form a longitudinally extending shelf with .the top side of said block.

3. In combination with a cylinder block having a manifold channel extending along the top thereof, a head for said block having a carburetor passage arranged to fit over the middle of said manifold, said cylinder block having ports in open communication with the manifold channel and arranged along one side of said channel, the underside of said head having a longitudinally extending channel formed therein adjacent said passage and arranged to form a longitudinally extending shelf with the top side of said block, said shelf oppositely disposed from said ports and communicating directly with a pair of said ports.

4. In combination with a cylinder block provided with multi-cylinder in line bores and having a manifold channel cast along the top of said block, a head for said block having a carburetor passage communicating with the manifold channel and arranged to fit over the middle of said manifold channel, said cylinder block having ports in communication with the manifold channel and formed symmetrically along one side of said manifold channel with respect to said oarburetor passage, the underside of said head adjacent said passage having a longitudinally extending channel formed therein and arranged to form a longitudinally extending shelf with the top side of said block, said shelf oppositely disposed from said ports, said shelf terminating adjacent the end cylinder bores.

5. A fuel mixture distributing device for a multi-cylinder engine and including a manifold structure provided with a plurality of port outlets spaced longitudinally along `one side of said manifold adapted for communication with the engine cylinders, said engine comprising a block wherein said manifold is cast along the top thereof, a head covering said block and manifold and provided With a carburetor passage arranged to nt over the middle of said manifold, said port outlets including end and intermediate outlets, said head provided with a longitudinally extendling channel formed on the underside thereof, a

gasket disposed between said head and block and arranged to form a shelf in cooperation between the `top side of said block and said channel, said channel terminating adjacent said end outlets.

6. A manifold structure for a multi-cylinder engine including a conducting portion extending longitudinally of the engine and adapted for carrying fuel precipitates, said conducting portion 6 having a port outlet at each end and a plurality of intermediate port outlets, said port outlets each communicating with an engine cylinder, a block wherein said conducting portion is associated along the top thereof, a head covering said block and said conducting portion, said head provided With a longitudinal channel, a gasket spaced intermediate said block and head and forming a shelf in cooperation with said block and channel, said shelf adapted to collect a portion of said fuel precipitates and deflect said fuel precipitates toward said end outlets whereby to effect substantially uniform distribution of said fuel precipitates to said engine cylinders.

7. In combination with a cylinder head having a manifold channel extending along the top thereof, a cover for said manifold channel, said head having a carburetor passage in the side thereof communicating with the manifold channel, the underside of said cover having a channel formed therein opposite from said carburetor passage, said head having a port outlet at each end and a plurality of intermediate port outlets all communicating with the manifold channel, said channel terminating yadjacent a pair of said intermediate port outlets.

8. In combination with a cylinder head having a manifold channel cast and extending along the top thereof, a cover for said manifold channel,

said head having a carburetor passage in onev side thereof communicating with the manifold channel, said head at a side opposite from said carburetor passage having a port outlet at each end and a plurality of intermediate port outlets all communicating With the manifold channel, said cover having a longitudinally extending channel formed therein adjacent said intermediate port outlets, a gasket spaced intermediate said head and cover and forming a shelf in cooperation with said channel and said head, said shelf terminating adjacent a pair of said intermediate port outlets.

9. A fuel mixture distributing device for a multi-cylinder engine and including a manifold structure provided with a plurality of port outlets spaced longitudinally along one side of said manifold adapted for communication with the engine cylinders, said engine comprising a cylinder head wherein said manifold is cast along the top thereof, a cover for said manifold, said manifold structure having a carburetor passage arranged in the side thereof opposite from said port outlets, said port outlets including end and intermediate outlets, said cover provided with a longitudinally extending channel formed on the underside thereof, a gasket spaced intermediate said head and channel and arranged to form a shelf in cooperation between the top side of said head and said channel, said shelf terminating adjacent said intermediate port outlets immediately adjacent said end port outlets.

10. A manifold structure for a multi-cylinder engine including a conducting portion extending longitudinally of the engine and adapted for carrying fuel precipitates, said conducting portlon having a port outlet at each end and a plurality of intermediate port outlets, said port outlets each communicating with an engine cylinder, said engine comprising a cylinder head wherein said manifold is cast along the top thereof, a cover for said manifold, the side of said manifold structure having a carburetor passage arranged therein opposite from said port outlets said cover provided with a longitudinally extendf ing channel formed on the underside thereof, a

gasketV spaced .intermediate said head and ohanf nel and Varranged to form a shelf .in Vcooperation between the top side of said head and said channeLsaid shelf adapted to collect a portion of said fuel precipitates and deflect said fuel precipitates 'toward said intermediate port outlets adjacent said rend port outlets.

1l. A fuel distributing device for an internal combustion engine comprising: an engine block, said block having a longitudinally extending fuel distribution channel formed in its upper face, a floor for said fuel distribution channel, said block also having several cylinder bores arranged alongside of the fuel distribution channel, said block also having passages formed therein for establishingcommunication between the fuel distribution channel and the cylinder bores; a cover fixed tothe block for covering the fuel distribution channel; said cover having a fuel inlet port communicating with the fuel distribution channel, said block and cover having an auxiliary channel extending alongside of the .fuel distribution channel, .a ledge serving as the floor of the auxiliary channel along which fuel is free to travel, said fuel inlet port being positioned to deposit some vfuel onto the ledge,said ledge lying in a plane above the plane of the floor of the fuel distribution channel, said ledge and auxiliary channel terminating adjacent a pre-selected passage leading toa pre-selected cylinder bore, whereby auxiliary fuel is deposited in the vicinity of the mouth of such passage.

FRANCIS H. REINDL.

References Cited inthe le 0f this patent 

